Inrud indicators. The proportion of patients with adequate knowledge of the dosage schedule of the medicines dispensed to them was 70%, which was much lower than an ideal Jul 27, 2021 · Conclusion . An observational prospective and prescription-based study was conducted in the surgical outpatient department (SOD) and emergency department (ED) in two teaching hospitals during 3 months. Our findings would also be a source of baseline information for continuous monitoring of drug therapy. 4% (WHO recommended value 100%), with the highest being observed in private sector pharmacies. Dec 8, 2016 · In this study, the WHO/INRUD drug use indicators were used to identify current treatment practices that may help to resolve problems regarding drug therapy. JVAL. 3%). Therefore, both health centers should work towards Dec 8, 2016 · The aim of this study was to assess drug use pattern at ten primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) of the Bahawalpur district of the Punjab province of Pakistan by employing the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators. Data were collected to identify WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators and the commonly prescribed medicines. Jun 19, 2020 · The data were summarized using means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. Nov 28, 2023 · This study set out to assess drug use practices through analysis of the core indicators of the WHO/INRUD across a range of OPDs in two tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. Data entry and analysis were conducted using SPSS version 19. The average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of drugs encounter with antibiotics, drugs prescribed by their generic name, average consultation time, average dispensing time, percentage of drugs adequately labeled, and availability of essential drugs showed deviation from the Mar 18, 2020 · Background Irrational drug use is a global problem. Factors associated with antibiotic prescription were analysed using logistic regression model. These indicators serve as a tool to monitor and guide the health care services for proper documentation of medicine usage with the emphasis on May 7, 2013 · WHO: Geneva; 1993. This study set out to assess and characterize drug use at the public primary healthcare centers (PPHCCs) in a rural county in Kenya, using the World Health Organization/ International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators methodology. Jun 2, 2023 · Patient-Care and Health-Facility Indicators. Among the prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was 2. Though originally developed to assess drug use pat-terns in primary healthcare centers, these indicators have been used at tertiary healthcare facilities for similar purposes [11–13]. Conclusion: According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facility-specific indicators. BMC Health Serv Res. Sep 22, 2016 · This study set out to assess drug use practices through analysis of the core indicators of the WHO/INRUD across a range of OPDs in two tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. The indicators called “core drug use in- Atif et al. The studied health centres in Ilala district had an average of 1. 03 seconds, the percentage of medicines dispensed was 76. Oct 28, 2021 · When looking at the WHO/INRUD patient care indicators, the percentage of medicines actually dispensed was 92. doi: 10. This study aimed to measure the drug prescribing performance of primary health care centres in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia, using the WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs core drug prescribing indicators. 8) (optimal range = 1. 11%, the percentage of medicines adequately labeled was 59. 1016/J. Generally, there was overprescribing of drugs, where an average of 3. Aug 19, 2019 · This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic utilization pattern and patient care indicators according to the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology. A. Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. Nov 8, 2016 · In developing countries, assessment of drug use patterns through the WHO/INRUD indicators is on the increase which is promising (Hogerzeil et al. For the prescribing indicators, 1000 prescriptions (100 May 20, 2021 · Methods: A 1 year retrospective study was conducted in four HCFs using WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators. Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. Pharm WHO/INRUD drug prescribing indicators at primary health care centres in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia A. This study aimed to measure the drug prescribing performance of primary health Sep 27, 2022 · The WHO in a collaborative effort with the International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) has developed a set of indicators to measure hospital performance in relation to medicine use. Dec 8, 2016 · Background Proper utilization of medicines is a critical component of pharmaceutical care plan. 3), the drugs prescribed by generic name were 56. 3 (SD = 1. The findings from this study are important to the health system of Pakistan because they help to assess whether the BVH is following a set norm of practices to ensure optimal Jan 1, 2013 · The study aims to measure the performance of 10 primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Alexandria, Egypt regarding the use of drugs using the WHO/INRUD drug use indicators: prescribing, patient Rational use of medicines requires that "patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community. 8) all medicines and 1. The results obtained from the analysis of patient-care indicators indicate that the average consultation time was 5. General prescribing patterns as per WHO/INRUD indicators. A total of 2239 drugs were prescribed from the analysed prescriptions, of which 920 (41. Results: Total of 2328 prescriptions were included ('Rajya Osusala 559; SPC Franchise 711; private pharmacies 1058). Though irrational prescribing practices exist all over the world [ 9 ], the gravity of the problem is high in low and middle income countries and so Pakistan makes for a using the WHO/INRUD drug use indicators: prescribing, patient care and facility-specific indicators. 1186/s40064-016-3615-1 RESEARCH WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators and prescribing trends of antibiotics in the Accident and Emergency Department Mar 21, 2022 · Although the WHO/INRUD indicators specify criteria for adequacy of labelling, different operational definitions were employed in the various studies potentially contributing to variations. The aim of this study was to assess drug use pattern at ten primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) of the Bahawalpur district of the Punjab province of Pakistan by employing the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators. Sep 22, 2016 · We used the published ideal standards for each of the WHO/INRUD indicators for comparison purposes. J. Am. All WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators were converted into indices measures in order to provide a comprehensive assessment of drug utilisation within the healthcare system. In accordance with the WHO/INRUD criteria and cross-sectional studies, the retrospective methods along with … Apr 18, 2021 · Facility-specific indicators: Only 83. 74(WHO/DAP/93. El Mahalli 1 ABSTRACT Appropriate use of drugs is an essential element in achieving quality of health and medical care for patients and the community as a whole. The ANOVA test was also used to test for differences among the PPHCCs. 74%, and the percentage of patients who possessed knowledge about the Sep 14, 2023 · All estimated indicators were compared to the criteria set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted Jun 25, 2021 · Background: Rational drug use requires that patients receive and take medication appropriately. Field testing of drug use indicators of INRUD: report of field trip to Indonesia, Bangladesh, and Nepal, June-July 1991. 5 %, no injections were prescribed and 98. 1) [Google Scholar] Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia. For the Sep 22, 2016 · A total of 600 randomly selected patients and all pharmacy personnel were observed and interviewed to investigate the patient-care and facility-specific indicators. Mar 1, 2014 · The study aims to measure the performance of 10 primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Alexandria, Egypt regarding the use of drugs using the WHO/INRUD drug use indicators: prescribing, patient care and facility-specific indicators. Jun 21, 2021 · According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facility-specific indicators. 1%) were antibiotics. 573 Corpus ID: 15020894; Assessment of core drug use indicators using WHO/INRUD methodology at primary healthcare centers in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Assessment of core drug use indicators using WHO/INRUD methodology at primary healthcare centers in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Altogether 7,255 medicines were prescribed, and the 3 most commonly prescribed medicines were atorvastatin, Jun 25, 2021 · Background. of Drugs (INRUD) developed standard indicators to evaluate drug use practices at healthcare centers [10]. Dec 1, 2016 · About 200 prescription records from 2020 to 2022 were analysed at each hospital for prescribing patterns using WHO/ International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) indicators (1993) and the Jun 1, 2021 · Conclusion: According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facility-specific indicators. 8). Ethical Approval. 5 (optimal: 1. 99 (SD = 0. Addis Ababa; 2010. Results: Total of 2328 prescriptions were included (‘Rajya Osusala 559; SPC Franchise 711; private pharmacies 1058). 6–1. Prescription of patients was investigated We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. May 20, 2021 · Selected WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators. Nov 8, 2016 · In this study, WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators were used to determine current prescribing practices and antibiotic use patterns in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. 41 minutes, the average dispensing time was 131. 2. Ethical considerations Ethical approval to carry out the study was granted by the Kenyatta National Hospital - University of Nairobi Ethics and Research Committee (KNH/UoN-ERC) (Reference number: Jun 19, 2020 · From each PPHCC, ninety prescriptions from October to December 2018 were sampled and data extracted. 7) medicines prescribed per consultation and an average of 84% (n = 510) of the antibiotics were prescribed by generic name. WHO estimates that more than half of all medicines are prescribed Background: Irrational drug use is a global problem. The core drug-use indicators were also determined as described in guidelines for calculating the WHO/INRUD drug-use indicators . Jun 25, 2021 · Though the process of diagnosis and pharmaceutical care is complex, World Health Organization (WHO)/international network for rational use of drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators investigate drug use to minimize the hazardous effect of the drug and enhance the wise use of scares resources. This study showed that the practice of rational drug use varied across region of the country. 4 (SD = 0. Download scientific diagram | WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators in different countries from publication: WHO/INRUD Core drug use indicators and commonly prescribed medicines: a National Survey Nov 8, 2016 · Published ideal standards for each of the indicators were used to identify irrational drug use. A total of 1203 drugs were prescribed from the 604 analysed prescriptions. Methods This was a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional study. About 200 prescription records from 2020 to 2022 were analysed at each hospital for prescribing patterns using WHO/ International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) indicators (1993) and the AWaRe 2021 classification. Aug 3, 2023 · A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in three regional referral hospitals. 8 . We also utilized an additional indicator to report the percentage share of antibiotics prescribed. Oct 28, 2021 · Selection of pharmacies from respective districts were done proportionate to estimated population. A descriptive and cross-sectional approach was used to conduct the study. The prescription of the average number of medicines, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics, and the prescription of medicines using the generic name of Dec 8, 2016 · We used published ideal standards for each of the WHO/INRUD indicators. 6 DOI: 10. May 20, 2021 · A 1 year retrospective study was conducted in four HCFs using WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators. The core drug use indicators were also determined as described in guidelines for calculating the WHO/INRUD drug use indicators (14). 5% of key medicines were available in the health centers. 7 ± 1. A major global problemIrrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. 3) (optimal value 1. 09. 8 WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators and the commonly prescribed medicines. ResultsAmong the prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per encounter was 3. In all except 12 districts it was < 100%, with the lowest being reported from Monaragala district (76. Oct 28, 2021 · The World 11 Health Organisation (WHO) and International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) 12 prescribing indicators were used to assess for polypharmacy, injection use, use of antibiotics The core drug-use indicators were also determined as described in guidelines for calculating the WHO/INRUD drug-use indicators [13]. The indicators called “core drug use in- Jan 8, 2022 · [Show full abstract] Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators at Teda and Azezo health centers of Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. However, the extent of the problem is higher in low-income countries. Subject and methods: One-thousand prescribing encounters were investigated for a period from January to December 2010. The manual also explains how these twelve indicators, which measure prescribing practices, the quality of patient care, and the availability of drugs, can be used as a simple tool for gathering objective, useful data quickly, easily, and in a reproducible manner. 6-1. 2001). 78 antibiotics were prescribed per patient. SpringerPlus DOI 10. Though irrational prescribing practices exist all over the world [ Citation 9 ], the gravity of the problem is high in low and middle income countries and so Pakistan makes Jun 21, 2021 · According to the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators, rational medicine use is not achieved in terms of most components of the prescribing, patient care, and facility-specific indicators. The prescription of the average number of medicines, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics, and the prescription of medicines using the generic name of Box 1 Selected WHO/INRUD* drug use indicators for primary health care facilities (WHO, 1993) Prescribing Indicators: Average number of medicines prescribed per patient encounter % medicines prescribed by generic name % encounters with an antibiotic prescribed % encounters with an injection prescribed % medicines prescribed from essential Jun 19, 2020 · The data were summarized using means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages. 6 %, the encounters with an antibiotic prescribed were 51. 2016; 16 (1):684. Aug 19, 2022 · Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate rational medicine use based on WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core drug use indicators in Eritrean National and Regional Referral hospitals. 5. 4. In a retrospective cohort study 10 health centres were selected using systematic random sampling. Oct 28, 2021 · To achieve this objective the WHO in collaboration with the International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) has developed core drug use indicators to evaluate and compare practices in health care settings, which includes indicators on prescribing, patients-care and health care facilities . In order to get the baseline data of Chinese Zero-Medicine Markup Policy, before any administrative intervention we investigated the drug indicators, the prescribing trends and economic data. Ethical Approval Sep 22, 2016 · We used the published ideal standards for each of the WHO/INRUD indicators for comparison purposes. We used the published ideal standards for each of the WHO/INRUD indicators for comparison purposes. Methods: This was a descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional study. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2. 1993) with the indicators having been successfully implemented in more than 30 developing countries (Laing et al. Altogether 7,255 Jun 21, 2021 · Facility-specific indicators: Only 83. Three-hundred patients and 10 pharmacists were interviewed. Nov 1, 2012 · A total of 450 prescriptions were prospectively collected from eligible patients and subjected to evaluation by using the WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators (prescribing, patient care, and health The current study assessed prescribing patterns in B1HC, Batu, Central Ethiopia based on WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators and observed that out of the selected five tools, only “percentage of PPs with injections prescribed” (pointer 4) was in line with the standard used. 8 (SD = 1. The WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators were used to assess the patterns of drug use. ™ 2. Therefore, both health centers should work towards May 9, 2021 · A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the WHO/INRUD Drug Use Prescribing Core Indicators at Tertiary Care Hospital of Punjab, Pakistan May 2021 LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 40(Lat. 53 ± 0. 1186/s12913-016-1932-2 [PMC free article] [Google Scholar] May 20, 2021 · Selected WHO/INRUD prescribing indicators. Mar 15, 2020 · PPHCCs. Nov 27, 2020 · Atif M, Sarwar MR, Azeem M, Naz M, Amir S, Nazir K. The rest deviated from the standard value/range indicating IDU. 2016. Three hundred (30 per PPHCC) patients and ten (1 per PPHCC) dispensers were also observed and interviewed. wcro dlwamt shxx bclj qyh tixc pqcb avvkz bvxn wxnkd